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DORZOLAMIDE HYDROCHLORIDE

Dorzolamide Hydrochloride is a white to almost white crystalline powder belonging to the class of topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs). It is a sulfonamide derivative that selectively inhibits carbonic anhydrase II and was first approved in 1994 for the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

C2 PHARMA is one of the leading manufacturer and suppliers of Dorzolamide Hydrochloride.

USES

Topical Dorzolamide Hydrochloride is typically prescribed to reduce intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. It is also used in combination with other agents, such as beta-blockers (e.g., Timolol Maleate), when monotherapy is insufficient to achieve adequate intraocular pressure control. Fixed-combination ophthalmic formulations containing dorzolamide and timolol are widely used to improve adherence and provide additive intraocular pressure reduction.

MECHANISM OF ACTION 

Dorzolamide is a selective inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase II enzyme located in the ciliary tissue of the eye. By inhibiting this enzyme, dorzolamide reduces the formation of bicarbonate ions, which leads to decreased sodium and fluid transport across the ciliary epithelium and ultimately reduces aqueous humour secretion. The reduction of aqueous humour production results in decreased intraocular pressure (IOP), a key factor in preventing optic nerve damage associated with glaucoma.

Unlike systemic carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, topical dorzolamide achieves significant reduction in intraocular pressure with minimal systemic effects. This makes it an important therapeutic option for patients requiring long-term control of elevated intraocular pressure associated with glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

REFERENCES

  1. FDA label: TRUSOPT (dorzolamide hydrochloride ophthalmic solution) – Initial U.S. Approval: 1994

  2. DailyMed (U.S. National Library of Medicine): Dorzolamide hydrochloride ophthalmic solution prescribing information

  3. PubChem compound summary: Dorzolamide Hydrochloride / Dorzolamide (CID 5284549)

  4. DrugBank: Dorzolamide (DB00869) pharmacology and mechanism of action

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